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5-fold SNR improvement for lactate imaging in rat kidneys, prostate tumors in a mouse model, and human kidneys. CONCLUSIONS Improved lactate imaging using the MS-3DSSFP sequence in hyperpolarized [ 1- 13 C ]pyruvate studies was demonstrated in animals and humans. The MS-3DSSFP sequence could be applied for other clinical applications such as in the brain or adapted for imaging other metabolites such as pyruvate and bicarbonate. © 2020 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted many attentions due to their abundance, easy accessibility, and low cost. All these advantages make them hopeful for large-scale energy storage. P2-type layered transition metal oxides (NaxTMO2, TM = Mn, Co, Ni, Ti, Fe, V, Cr, and a mixture of multiple elements) exhibit good Na+ ion conductivity and structural stability, which make them an excellent choice for the cathode materials of SIBs. In present work, the structure evolution, anionic redox, some challenges, and recent progress of NaxTMO2 cathode for SIBs are reviewed and summarized. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bibo-3304-trifluoroacetate.html Moreover, a detailed understanding of the relationship of chemical component, structure, phase composition, and the electrochemical performance is presented. This review is aim to provide some reference opinions for the development of P2-type layered transition metal oxides cathode materials for SIBs. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Current studies have shown that the clock gene Period 1 (Per1) is downregulated in various tumors and plays an important role in promoting tumor progression. However, the biological functions and mechanism of Per1 in tumors remain largely unknown. In this study, 86 specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues were collected to determine Per1 expression level and clinical significance of Per1 expression. Per1 was stably inhibited or overexpressed in OSCC cells to investigate its function and mechanism in vitro and in vivo. We found that Per1 was remarkably downregulated in OSCC and that low Per1 expression was significantly associated with TNM clinical stage and poor prognosis of OSCC patients. Per1 overexpression in SCC15 OSCC cells (Per1-OE SCC15 cells) significantly promoted autophagy and apoptosis while inhibited proliferation and AKT/mTOR pathway. However, the results obtained in Per1-silenced TSCCA OSCC cells were opposite those obtained in Per1-OE SCC15 cells. After addition of the AKT activator SC79 to Per1-OE SCC15 cells, the increased autophagy and apoptosis as well as decreased proliferation were remarkably rescued. Furthermore, increased apoptosis was significantly rescued in Per1-OE SCC15 cells treated with the autophagy inhibitor autophinib. In vivo tumorigenicity assays also confirmed that Per1 overexpression suppressed tumor growth. Taken together, our findings demonstrate for the first time that Per1 promotes OSCC progression by inhibiting autophagy-mediated cell apoptosis and enhancing cell proliferation in an AKT/mTOR pathway-dependent manner, and Per1 could be used as a valuable therapeutic target for OSCC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Dietary protein and amino acid intake and composition can modulate immune function. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of high-protein intake and arginine and ornithine supplementation on feline immune cells. ANIMALS Ten healthy cats. METHODS Experimental study. Cats received a high-protein basal diet as a single daily meal. A crossover design was applied with treatments being basal diet (w/o); basal diet with arginine supplementation (+50, 75, 100% compared to the arginine provision by the basal diet; Arg 1-3); and basal diet with ornithine supplementation (+100, 150, 200% compared to the arginine provision by the basal diet; Orn 1-3). Blood samples were collected at the end of each 11-day treatment period. RESULTS Mitogen-stimulated proliferative activity of blood leukocytes revealed a quadratic effect for the dietary supplementation of arginine (P = .02) and ornithine (P = .03) (means for ConA-stimulation w/o = 6.96; Arg 1 = 9.31; Arg 2 = 11.4; Arg 3 = 8.04; Orn 1 = 15.4; Orn 2 = 9.43; Orn 3 = 9.28; pooled SEM 0.96). The number (% gated) of phagocytic granulocytes linearly decreased with increasing dietary concentrations of arginine (P = .05) and ornithine (P = .03) (means w/o = 95.5; Arg 1 = 93.0; Arg 2 = 92.5; Arg 3 = 92.6; Orn 1 = 92.6; Orn 2 = 92.6; Orn 3 = 91.5; pooled SEM = 0.44). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study could demonstrate immunomodulating properties of dietary arginine and ornithine in cats. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.Diagnosis of autism in the UK is generally made within a multidisciplinary team setting and is primarily based on observation and clinical interview. We examined how clinicians diagnose autism in practice by observing post-assessment meetings in specialist autism teams. Eighteen meetings across four teams based in the south of England and covering 88 cases were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. We drew out two themes, related to the way in which clinicians expressed their specialist disciplinary knowledge to come to diagnostic consensus Feeling Autism in the Encounter; and Evaluating Testimonies of Non-present Actors. We show how clinicians produce objective accounts through their situated practices and perform diagnosis as an act of interpretation, affect and evaluation to meet the institutional demands of the diagnostic setting. Our study contributes to our understanding of how diagnosis is accomplished in practice. © 2020 The Authors. Sociology of Health & Illness published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation for SHIL.PURPOSE The 4th International Workshop on MRI Phase Contrast and QSM (2016, Graz, Austria) hosted the first QSM Challenge. A single-orientation gradient recalled echo acquisition was provided, along with COSMOS and the χ33 STI component as ground truths. The submitted solutions differed more than expected depending on the error metric used for optimization and were generally over-regularized. This raised (unanswered) questions about the ground truths and the metrics utilized. METHODS We investigated the influence of background field remnants by applying additional filters. We also estimated the anisotropic contributions from the STI tensor to the apparent susceptibility to amend the χ33 ground truth and to investigate the impact on the reconstructions. Lastly, we used forward simulations from the COSMOS reconstruction to investigate the impact noise had on the metric scores. RESULTS Reconstructions compared against the amended STI ground truth returned lower errors. We show that the background field remnants had a minor impact in the errors. In the absence of inconsistencies, all metrics converged to the same regularization weights, whereas structural similarity index metric was more insensitive to such inconsistencies. CONCLUSION There was a mismatch between the provided data and the ground truths due to the presence of unaccounted anisotropic susceptibility contributions and noise. Given the lack of reliable ground truths when using in vivo acquisitions, simulations are suggested for future QSM Challenges. © 2020 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.AIM To evaluate the systemic conditions, tooth loss, oral health, body image perceptions, and quality of life of women with obesity and women who underwent bypass surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty women were classified into the gastric bypass (G1, n = 30) and obesity (G2, n = 30) groups, and their systemic condition, oral health perception, oral hygiene, tooth loss, body image perception (Stunkard scale), and quality of life (WHOQOL-bref) were evaluated. The t-test, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analysis (P  less then  .05). G2 presented higher prevalence of hypertension (P = .020) and G1 higher prevalence of anemia (P = .040). G2 demonstrated less favorable perceptions of oral health, primarily associated with chewing (P = .0007) and speech (P = .005), and a lower frequency of dental floss usage (P = .047); however, there were no intergroup differences regarding the prevalence of missing teeth (P = .180). G1 demonstrated greater satisfaction with regard to their body image (P  less then  .0001), contrary to those in G2, who negatively perceived the same (P = .001), particularly considering the physical, psychological, and environmental parameters (P  less then  .05). CONCLUSION High body mass index (BMI) indicated a higher prevalence of hypertension and a negative impact on oral health perception and quality of life. However, bariatric surgery was associated with a positive body image perception and quality-of-life parameters. © 2020 Special Care Dentistry Association and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND Transgenic animals are widely used for research and for most of them, genotyping is unavoidable. Published protocols may be powerful but may also present disadvantages such as their cost or the requirement of additional steps/equipment. Moreover, if more than one strain must be genotyped, several protocols may need to be developed. METHODS we adapted the existing amplification-resistant mutation protocol to develop the 1-h universal genotyping protocol (1-HUG), which allows the robust genotyping of genetically modified mice in 1 h from sample isolation to polymerase chain reaction gel running. RESULTS This protocol allows the genotyping of different mouse models including mdx mouse, and FLExDUX4 and HSA-MerCreMer alone or in combination. It can be applied to different types of genomic modifications and to sexing. CONCLUSIONS The 1-HUG protocol can be used routinely in any laboratory using mouse models for neuromuscular diseases. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Aseptic loosening is the most common indication for revision of cementless acetabular cups and often depends on the primary stability achieved following surgery. Cup designs must be capable of achieving primary stability for a wide variety of individuals and surgical conditions to be successful. Typically, preclinical finite element (FE) testing of cups involves assessing the performance in a single patient and under a limited set of idealized conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of patient and surgical parameters on the primary stability of an acetabular cup design in a set of subject-specific FE models. Interference fit was varied in a representative set of 12 patient-specific models of the implanted hemipelvis. Linear mixed models showed a significant association with micromotion for interference fit (P  less then  .0001), acetabular bone elastic modulus (P  less then  .001), native acetabular diameter (P  = .03), and the interference fit-elastic modulus interaction (P = .01). There were no significant associations between the polar gap and any of the parameters considered. The significant interference fit-elastic modulus interaction suggests that increasing the interference fit in patients with low bone quality leads to a greater reduction in micromotion than in patients with higher bone quality. However, the significant association between percentage bone yielding and interference fit (P  less then  .0001) suggests a higher periacetabular fracture risk at higher interference fits. This work supports the development of preclinical testing of cup designs for the broad range patients and surgical conditions a cup may face following surgery. © 2020 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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